Radiator



O. CARLSON March l, 1932.

RADIATOR .Filed Juy 17. 1929 Patented Mar. 1,1932

UNiTED s'rA-T-Es PATE-N1'- ori-*Ica OTTO CARLSON, 0F JAEESTOWN, NEW YORK, ASSIGNR TO JAMESTOWN METAL QUIP- MENT COMPANY, INC., F JAMESTOWN, NEW YORK, A CORPORATION 0F NEW YORK RADIATOR Application filed July 17', 1929. Serial No. 378,903.

I rilhis invention relates to animprovement in radiators for cooimg the engines of automobiles, trucks, tractors and other motor velu all radiator structures it is the aim of` the manufacturer to produce a radiator which may be manufactured and sold at a reasonable figure as well as being highly efficient for its size, measured in area and depth. It has been the tendency for radiator manufacturers, in order to increase the efficiency of the radiator without increasing the size thereof, to provide multiple indentations or protrusions in the walls of both the water and air conduits. It is believed the point has been reached wherein increased cooling cannot be obtained by increasing the number of indentures or protrusions in the various passages. improvement in cooling capacity must therefore be directed along the lines of simplifying rather than complicating the construction of a core and itis along this latter line that applicant has developeda radiator construction of which the following specilication is a full and complete description. f l

rihe principal object of this invention is to produce a radiator, the air and water passages of which are formed to obtain maxi'- mum cooling from a minimum sized core. lnother object of this invention is yto provide a radiator haying'water passage strips, the exterior surfaces of which' co-operate with the separator strips to deflect the air passing through said air passages and increase the cooling' efficiency.

ik further object of this invention lies in the provision of water and air conduit strips, the construction of whichl is such that the manilfacture and assembly thereof is greatly simplified and consequently less costly.

Other and further objects of thisv invention will appear from a consideration of the following specification when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings which forms a part thereof; and in which Fig.' l is a front elevation of a radiator embodying one form of this invention;

Fig. 2 is a perspective view of one of the water conduit strips showing the protrusion formed thereon; Y

Fig.l 3 is an enlarged fragmentary perspective view-of one ofthe separator strips;

p Fig. /le'is a horizontal sectional View of the water passage strip taken substantially on `the line 4 4 of Figure 2;

Fig. 5 isa horizontal sectional view of the separator strip taken substantially on the line 5--5 of 'Figure 3; and

Fig. (iA is a fragmentary vertical sectional Vviewof a portion of the assembled core.

`cooling medium be made turbulent, but that it be. dynamically balanced kso that the energy consumed in breaking up the ilow of this medium into eddies and thus causing suiiicient turbulence shall be less than the gain in heat exchange. This is best illustrated in a radiator 'having small mouthed air passages. The air being greatly restricted it is true, sets up a violent turbulence and thus perforce increases the heat exchange to a certain exten-t, but the amount of power or energy required to force the air through the restricted openings becomes so great that the slight increase in heat exchan'geattained is over-balanced. A further consideration lies in the fact that a balance between the' thermal and dynamic characteristics of the air passages must be maintained. This is particularly true in the present structure wherein certain of the wall strips are in direct con'- tact with the water to be cooled" andY therefore their temperature is higher than that-of the separator or spacing strips which derive their heat therefrom.

From the foregoing it will be understood that itlris essentialV to provide ei'cient dynamic balance between the'air and water conduits so as to produce eddies andyturbulence Referring to the drawings, the reference numeral is employed to designate a radiator assembly, such assembly comprising in general a shell 12 and a core 13. Upper and lovv'erwalter tanks (not shown) are provided, the upper tanksupplying water to the core 13 and the lower tank carrying the cooled water away. Vertical water conduits 15 conf nect the upper and lower tanks. Horizontal air conduits 16, 17 and 18 are formed between the water passages 15 for the purpose of cooling the water within said passages. The water conduits are formed by a series of thin metal strips 2O which also act to form one wall of the horizontal air conduits. Referring to Figure 6 of the drawings, it will be noted thatthe water conduits 15 are formed by the strips 2O ranged in pairs and immediately contacting within the outer face'ofthe wall strips are separator or spacer strips 21 which constitute the other walls of the air conduits 16, 17 and 18.

The structure and operation of a radiator of the embodiment shown are old and well known and need not be described in detail. It may be brieiiy stated, however, that the water to be lcooled enters the upper tank, flows .through the conduits 15 into the lower tank from which it is returned to the engine. The flow of water from the upper tothe lower tank and through the conduits 15 is in the form of a thin film or sheet and thek air passing through the air conduits 16, 17 and 18, usually under the influence of a fan, acts upon the wall strips extracting heat therefrom,

`thereby lowering vthe temperature of the water as it passes downwardly through the conduits 15.

The strip 20, two of which form eachwatei conduit 15, is shaped toprovidelongitudinal margins 23. Slightly raised from the man gins 23 by the sloped wall 24 is a fiat surface v26, provided with horizontal uniformly spaced ribs 28 which extend from one sloped wall to the other. Since ythe ribs 28 are spaced apart, a flat portion 29 is formed between each pair thereof. The strip 2O terminates top and bottom in lian ges 30 by means of which the outer wall of one water conduit is joined to the intermediate or separator strip and the wall of the next adjoining water conduit. When a pair of the wall strips are i placed together, withthe ribs .Q8-.projecting duit in a thin stream will adhere to the wall strips 2O following the depressions created on the inner face of each of the ribs 28.

The separator strip 21, shown in Figures 3 and 5 of the drawings, is of zigzag conformation. This strip may, for the purpose of description, be considered to be divided into parts 32 and 33. lVhile these parts are integral, they are oppositely shaped and are the equivalent of two separate and o-ppositely faced strips. The part 32, along its margin 35, is provided with large bends or angles 36 and 37, the alternate angles of which extend in the saine direction. rllie bend or angle 36., adjacent the margin 35, is formed with a shallow or small reverse bend 38. The depression created by the bend 38 is of a magnitude `equal to that of the ribs 28 formed in the strip 2O and is for the' purpose of engaging and positioning said strip during assembly. The end 38 extends slightly more than half the width of the strip 21 and terminates abruptly in a cut edge 39. The bend oi angle 37, which isopposite to the bend 36, is formed adjacent the margin with a small reverse bend 41. rIhis bend is likewise of the same magnitude of the rib 28 and is forr the purpose of engaging one of said ribs at the time of assembly. Attention is directed to the fact that the reverse bend 41 is shorter than the bend 38 and that it fails to reach the center of the strip 21 by approximately the same distance that the reverse bend 38 passes the center of said strip. This bend is terminated by a cut edge 42 which separates it from the horizontally adjoining portion of the strip. The edges 39 and 42 may therefore be considered to be vertically staggered.

Referring now to the part 33 of the strip 21, it will be noted that large bends or angles gin 46, in the bend 45, a small reverse bend 48 is formed, which reverse bend extends to the cut edge 39 of the reverse bend 38. As above stated, the bend 38 extends slightly beyond the center of the strip and therefore the bend 48 fails to reach the center. It is to be understood that the bend 48 corresponds in direction and length to the bend 41 of the part 32. The large bend 44, adjacent the margin 46, is formed with a reverse bend 50, the length of which passes the center of the strip and terminates in the edge 51 which is adjacent the edge 42 of the reverse bend 41. It will be noted that the bend 50 extends in the same direction and is of the same length x as the bend 38. By reaspn of theabove `de-` scription, it will be understood that Vthe large s, y n

been' retarded to any appreciable extent in bends 37 and i'extend in opposite.horizontally aligned directions and "that the alternate bends, formed in eachpart of the strip, pro-` ject in the'same direction, for example, 'the bends 37. 45 -and 36, 44.' It-fwill be further noted that the small reverse bends 38 andai reverse bend of the part33. `IVhere the short bend of one part approaches the long bend of the adjacent part an opening 53 is formed. By reason of this opening, air passing valong the surface ofthe bend 41 upon one face of the strip will pass through the opening 53' and along the bend 50 on the other face of the strip. Each current of air therefore is directed to both faces of the separator strip by passing through the opening 53 from one face to the other. Due to the staggered arrangement of the reverse bends, the openings 53 are likewise staggered.

In assembling a radiator of this type two of the strips 20 are placed together, margin to margin, and with the ribs 28 projecting outwardly to form the water conduit 15. The separator strip 21 is brought into position against the outer face of the strip 2() and the ribs Q8 engage the reverse bend portions of the said strip. For example, by placing the strip 21 shown in Figure 3 against the strip 20 in Figure 2, the uppermost rib 28 vwill be engaged through a portion of its length by the bend 41. The second rib through a portion of its lengt-h will be engaged by the reverse bend 48, etc. Since there is but one separator strip, between each water conduit, the next adjoining water conduit, comprised of two strips 20, is placed against the other face of the separator strip 21, etc., until the core is completed.

Referring now to Figure 6 of the drawings, it will be noted that, when the core is completely assembled, the. water conduits 15 form vertical passages through which the water may freely fiow without danger of clogging. Normally with but one separator strip between each water conduit only two air passages are formed. However, and by reason of the fact that the separator strip 21 is formed in vertically and oppositely arranged parts 32 and 33, a separator strip,`

when placed between two water conduits, forms the three air passages referred to above. By reason of this structure it is pos sible to break up the How of air passing through said air passages without greatly restricting it and setting up any reverse currents, by which to decrease the cooling capacity of the air. In other words, the air currents although being minutely broken up have not their passage through the core to decrease the `efficiency of the heat exchange as between the,` f cooled yair and the heated walls of the passages.

.TvVhileapplicant has shown and described but one modification of this invention, he does not intend to be limited thereto since it is obviousthat other modifications or adaptations niay be made without departing from vthe spirit'and scope of this invention other than as set Aforth Vin they hereunto annexed claims. f

lHaving thus'setforth my invention what I' Vclaim as new and for whichI desire protection by Letters `Patent is f 1. il radiator including iii combination a plurality offmetal lstrips forming vertical water and horizontal air conduits, vertical Amarginal portions defining the edges Of said water conduit strips, marginally limited horizontal means formed integral with and eX- ,tendni'g outwardly from the walls of said water conduitstrips, said air conduit strip being of zigzag conformation, the bends of said zigzag abutting the margins of adjacent water conduit strips, and means formed in horizontally aligned bends adapted to engage the horizontal means of the adjacent water conduit strips. 4 i

2. A radiator comprising a series of wall strips, two of which form a water passage,

and a Aseries of division or separa-tor strips,

one of which is mounted between Vand spaces adjacent water passages, horizontally dis* `posed ribsformed integral with'said wall strips', horizontally disposed means formed in said separator strip, said means, when said radiator yis assembled, being in enga-gement with a` portion of the horizontally aligned rib in the wall strip of one water passage'and also with a portionofthehorizontally aligned rib in the wall strip of the adjacent watery v passage and further means in said separator strip causing air passing through said radiator to move from one air passage to another. 3. In a radiator, a series of wall strips forming vertical water conduits, a series of separator strips forming with said wall strips said depressions and projections being arrangediin the same horizontalplane whereby rsaid projection will engage the wall strip of 'one `water passage andsaid depressionwill engage a corresponding portion in the wall strip of the next adjacent water passage.

.4. a' radiator, a series of wall strips formingvertical water conduits, a series of separator strips i'orming with said wall strips horizontal air conduits, each of said sepa,-

rator strips being vertically divided .into revei'sely disposed parts, bends deiining the margins of said separator strip, the bends of one margin being reversely disposed with ielation to the bends of the other margin, and

means adjacent the vertical center of said separator strip deiining said vertical parts,

Y said means causing the How of airto pass part way through said radiator along one face of said separator strip and emerge from said radiator along the opposite face of said separator strip.

5. A radiator including in combination a plurality of metal strips forming straight vertical water and horizontal air conduits,

' vertical marginal portions delining the edges of said water conduit strips, marginally limited horizontal ribs formed integral with V`and extending outwardly from the walls of said water conduit strips, said air conduit strips being longitudinally divided into rel'versely disposed parts, bends defining the margins o said air conduit strip, the bends ot one margin being reversely disposed with the corresponding'bends of the other margin of said strip and means adjacent the center of said air conduit strip defining vertically divided parts, said means causing the flow of air to enter said radiator between one face of said air conduit strip and Said water conduit and emerge from said radiator along the opposite face of said air conduit strip.

6. A radiator having a plurality of water and air conduits, a pair of metal strips :torming one of said water conduits, straight mar* ginal portions deiining the vertical edges of each of said strips, said strips, when assembled, beinp,` arranged with adjacent marginal j aortions in contact, transversely disposed cent walls of adjacent water conduits.

7. In a radiator having a plurality of water and air conduits, a pair of metal strips having full length depressions therein which form, when reversely engaged, straight water conduits, a separator strip mounted between adjacent walls of adjacent water conduits, zigzag portions in said strips` said strip being vertically cut, with the portions each side ot said cut projecting in opposite directions whereby said separator strip is made to engage horizontally opposite projections in adjacent walls of adjacent water conduits.

8. A radiator including in combination a plurality of metal strips forming vertical Water and horizontal air conduits, vertical marginal portions defining the edges of said water conduit strips, marginally limited means projecting outwardly from the walls of said water conduit, a separator strip interposed between adjacent wall strips and being formed in zigzagbends, reversely disposed ineans in each of said bends adapted to engage the horizontally opposite outwardly extending means in adjacent wall strips oi' `adjacent water conduits.

9. In a radiator having a plurality of water and airV conduits, a separator strip, zigzag' angular bends delining the margins of s aid strip, the angular bend of one margin being reversely disposed to the corresponding angular bend of the otherot said margins whereby to provide irregularly disposed contact of said separator strip with the adjacent water conduits.

In testimony whereof I have athxed my signature. y

OTTO CARLSON. 

